Lesson 27. 병치, 도치 구문

1. 병치

A 접속사 B

A=B [문장구조, 품사]

2. 도치

주어 동사의 순서가 바뀌는 것

1] be/ 조동사는 직접

2] 일반동사는 do/ does/ did + 주어 + 동사 원형

............................

1. 병치 구문

1] 병치 구문은 같은 품사끼리 연결

-Martina's experience and qualification make her the perfect candidate.

-She will read and edit the articles for the next issue.

'extra issue 호외 [issue 잡지의 '호']

-The hotel offers clean and spacious rooms.

-Please fill out the forms accurately and carefully.

Q. They speak both kindly and [attractive/ attractively].

A deadly but [effective/ effectively] way.

명사 + ly = 형용사/ 형용사 + ly = 부사 [lively a.]

2] 병치 구문은 같은 구조끼리 연결

A. 동명사 구

Traveling for business and staying in hotels become familiar after a while.

B. To 부정사구

We need to wash the dishes and [to] take out the trash.

C. 전치사구

The police officers standing at the entrance and in the lobby work for the governor.

D. 명사절

Jerry asked me what type of paper I want and how much I need.

2. 도치 구문

- 가정법 문장에서 if가 생략되면 도치가 일어난다.

시제 도치 전 도치 후

...............................................................................................................................

미래 *** If 주어 should + 동.원 Should 주어 + 동.원, S+ V

...............................................................................................................................

과거 If 주어 were, Were 주어 + 보어

...............................................................................................................................

과거완료 If 주어 had p.p Had 주어 p.p

**** Had 주어 been p.p

...............................................................................................................................

● 가정법 미래

If clients should have a question, S+ V

-> Should clients have a question, S+ V

Q.

___ you need any help, please call me.

a. Did b. Have c. Although d.Should

● 가정법 과거완료

If I had had enough money, I could have bought that car.

-> Had I had enough money, I could have bought that car.

Q.

____ I reviewed the report carefully, I could have found the typo.

a. If b. Have c. having d. Had

● 부정어 [ never, nor, hardly, seldom, rarely, little ] 도치

1] Be/ 조동사 직접

Never he is aware of -> Never ___ he aware of

Never he can understand -> Never ___ he understand

Never he has known -> Never ___ he known

2] 일반동사는 do/ does / did + 주어 + 동사 원형

Never he knows -> Never ___ he know

Never he knew -> Never ___ he know

We had never experienced such incredible success.

-> Never had we experienced such incredible success.

● So + V + S => 긍정, Neither + V + S => 부정

She is hungry -> So, ___ I

Max can drive a car -> So, ___ I

My sister has seen this movie -> So ___ I ***

[have/ has/ had + p.p]

● 일반동사는 do/ does/ did 주어

Max has a car -> So ___ I / So ___ she.

Sharon is not hungry -> Neither ___ I.

Gil can't smoke -> Neither ___ I.

My parents haven't seen this movie . -> Neither ___ I.

[have / has/ had + p.p]

● 일반동사는 do/ does/ did + 주어

Gil doesn't have a car -> Neither do I.

Gil didn't like her -> Neither did I.

-The main store extended its business hours, and so did all its branches.

[=all its branches also did]

-Ms. Chang doesn't like the manager's proposal and neither do I.

[ I also don't like ]

***

● S + V, 접 ___ V+ S.

- 앞이 긍정이면 : so

- 앞이 부정이면 : neither

- 동사 주의!

● [only + 부사 (구, 절)] 가 문장 맨 앞으로 나오면 도치

Cynthia has only lately shown better work performance.

-> Only lately has Cynthia shown.

Only lately / recently / then V + S : only + 부사구 => 바로 도치

Only when / after / before S + V, V + S

: only + 시간의 부사절일 경우 => 부사절이 아니라 주절의 주어, 동사 도치

***

1] There is/ was/ remains/ exists [단수 동사] + 단수 주어

There are / were/ remain /exist [복수 동사 ] + 복수 주어

There is / are a book on the table.

There is / are books on the table.

2] Enclosed / attached / Included V + S : 동봉된/ 첨부된/포함된

[Attachment / Attached] is a brochure.

3] S + V, as V + S => ~ 와 마찬가지로

Alice hopes to get her work done quickly, as do most of her colleagues.

As 1. 시간

2. 이유

3. ~하는 대로 as [it was] mentioned/ stated

4. 동의 '~과 마찬가지로' => 도치가 된다

.................................

primarily : firstly

primarily 주로, 근본적으로

The new laptop computers are primaily marketed to business users.

-근본적이고 주된 목적, 내용을 말할 때 사용.

-chiefly, mainly와 의미 같다.

......

firstly 우선, 첫째로

Firstly, the graphic artist will present a number of options for the new logo design.

= in the first place

cf] lastly 마지막으로

.....

continually : lastingly

continually 계속해서

The new manager is continually giving orders to the staff.

.........

lastingly 지속적으로

last v. 효과나 효력이 지속되다. -> lasting a.

Sarah was lastingly affected by the motivational speaker's words.

-효과 등이 오랫동안 유지되는 것을 의미

-Lastingly affected by Gil.