Lesson 18. adverb 3

1. 강조 부사 just, right

# just/ right [바로]는 before 나 after를 앞에서 강조

just/ right / soon/             Before [접전부]

                            +

immediately / shortly          After [접전부]

-접속사 + S + V

-전치사 + 명사/ 명사구

-부사 : 완벽한 문장에서 의미 보충한다

Please have my car ready just[=right] before I have to leave.

^^ Just enough 겨우, 간신히

Sarah had just enough money to buy herself dinner.

' right a. 올바른/ ad. 바로/ n. 권리

# only / just [오직, 단지]는 전치사구나 명사구를 강조

Employees may wear casual attire only on Fridays. 오직

There will be just a brief delay while we test the equipment. 단지

- only / just + 숫자 => 겨우 / only 5 dollars 겨우 5달러

# well

1] '훨씬' 은 전치사구 강조

The final cost of the renovations was well under the original estimate.

-well in advance 훨씬 이전에 = well ahead of time

2] '매우, 잘'

....................................................................

well + 과거분사

.....................................................................

well-dressed 잘 차려입은

well-informed 정통한, 잘 알고 있는

well-educated 교육을 잘 받은

well-organized 잘 정돈된

well- attended 참석률이 좋은

# even [~조차도, ~까지도] 은 단어나 구를 앞에서 강조.

***1] 비교급 강조 = much / far / even / way / even + -er / more / less

2] 강조 : ~까지도, ~조차[도], ~마저, 심지어는

-Even my mother felt that the drama was too sentimental.

-even the smallest detail 심지어 아주 세세한 부분까지도

- even a. 편편한/ way n. 길, 방법

# quite [굉장한] 는 'a / an + 명사'를 앞에서 강조한다.

The singer's nightly concert was quite an accomplishment.

1] quite + a / an + 명사

quite a view! 정말 멋진 전망이군.

2] not ~ quite 꼭 ~인 것은 아니다.

I am not quite able to accept the situation.

3] quite + 형/ 부 = quite / pretty / fairly surprising/ '꽤, 상당히'

a little 약간 < quite/ pretty / fairly < very 매우

# 원급/ 비교급/ 최상급 수식 부사

원급                                          비교급                                                           최상급

so                                 way                             by far/single 최상급 ever [지금까지 중 최고]

very                               even                               1] by far 단연코, single 제일

just                               much         + 비교급                 2] ever

                                   a lot              -er              3] very + best / last / first

                                   far               more                very best wine

                                                     less                 very first person

                                                                           very last chance

-This resort is just as luxurious as the one further up the beach.

-Aron's proposal was much better than Steve's.

-Saron is [by far] the[single] largest [ever] steel producer in the country.

# 강조 부사 : so, [such 형], very, too

so 부 such 형 very 부 too 부

부/형 명사 수식 부사/형용사 부사/ 형용사

so ~that such+ a/an+ 형+명 that 절 X too ~ to

-The salary is too lox for Mr. Anderson to accept the position.

- too much[형] + 불가산 명사 -too much money / information

- much too [부] + 형용사/ 부사 - much too expensive /tired

Q.

-The subway was [so / such / very / too] crowded this morning that I could hardly move.

-The movie was [so / such / very / too] an excellent film that I watched it several times.

- The receptionist was [ very / too ] busy to go for lunch.

# 맞장구 also/ too/ as well/ either

also                        too                      as well                    either

긍정                                긍정                               긍정                                부정

맨 처음, 중간                   맨 끝                              맨 끝

- The firm has offices in New York, Vancouver, and also London.

- The accounting manager will attend the conference too/ as well.

- Steven won't be working on Saturday; Sarah won't be working either.

Q. My sister likes this movie.

- I like this movie, [also, too, as well, either].

- I [also, too, as well, either], like it

Q. My sister doesn't like this movie.

- Me [also, too, as well, either].

# later 이후에/ thereafter 그 이후에 / since 그 이래로

City council approved the construction project six weeks later.

[시간 + later '그 시간 이후에]

Why don't we talk this over later?

[later가 시간 관련 표현과 사용되지 않으면]- '지금 이후에'

Sally left and her package was delivered shortly [later, thereafter].

*later 지금 이후에 vs thereafter 그때 이후에

*later this week 이번 주말에

*later this month 이번 달 말에

*later this year 올 후반기에

# later /thereafter / since

- later 이후에/ thereafter 그 이후에 / since 그 이래로

Fiona finished university and has since been employed by a publishing company.

**since 접접전부/ 완료시제와 함께 사용

접-이유/~때문에

접전부- '시간' ~이래로

# forward / ahead, backward / behind

forward=move - 앞을 향해서[장소] / ahead - 앞에 [기간, 상태]

backward - 뒤를 향해서 / behind - 뒤에

-The repairman leaned [ahead, forward] to examine the machine. 앞 쪽으로

- In the months [forward, ahead], employees will have to work extra hours.여러 달 남아 있는 상태

-I looked at the car ahead.

............................................................................................

signs of wear 낡은 흔적

A service crew at the Atlantic Resort regularly inspects the facilities for signs of wear.

- wear n. 마모, 닳음

- sign v. 서명하다, n. 흔적, 조짐, 징후, 간판

- a sign of tear 파손의 흔적

......

contribution to ~에 기부, 공헌

Mr. Molson makes frequent contributions to local charities and community programs.

-make a contribution to ~에 기부하다

-contribution n. 기고, 기부

.......

baggage allowance 수하물 허용량

Swift Air announced that it had increased its baggage allowance to 22 kilograms.

-vacation allowance 휴가 수당

-make allowance for ~에 대비하다

-allowance n. 1. 용돈 2. 허용량 3. 수당

....

performance appraisals 업무 수행 평가

At the end of each month, the manager conducts performance appraisals of staff.

-performance 수행, 실적, 성능, 공연

-appraisal = evaluation = assessment

-assess v. 측정하다, 평가하다

-access v. 접근하다

.........

compliance with + 규칙 [규칙에] 대한 준수

The company operates in full compliance with current export laws.

-observe = obey = comply with = adhere to

-be compliant with ~을 준수하는

......

confidence in ~에 대한 신임

Management expressed confidence in Ms. Foster by granting her a special promotion.

-confidence 자신감, 신뢰

-confident 자신감 있는

-confidential 비밀의 =classified