27강- 병치, 도치

【병치 구문】

1)같은 품사끼리 연결

Martina’s experience and qualifications make her the perfect candidate.

She will read and edit the articles for the next issue.

The hotel offers clean and spacious rooms.

Please fill out the forms accurately and carefully.

* 이렇게 출제된다!

They speak both kindly and (attractive/attractively).

A deadly but (effective/effectively) way.

2)같은 구조끼리 연결

① 동명사구

Traveling for business and staying in hotels become familiar after a while.

② to부정사구

We need to wash the dishes and (to) take out the trash.

③ 전치사구

The police officers standing at the entrance and in the lobby work for the governor.

④ 명사절

Jerry asked me what type of paper I want and how much I need.

【도치 구문】

1)가정법 문장에서 if가 생략되면 도치

① 가정법 미래

If clients should have a question, S+V → Should clients have a question, S+V

② 가정법 과거완료

If I had had enough money, I could have bought that car. → Had I had enough money, I could have bought that car.

2)부정어(never, nor, hardly, seldom, rarely, little) 도치

① be/조동사: 직접

Never he is aware of→ Never is he aware of

Never he can understand→ Never can he understand

Never he has known→ Never has he known

We had never experienced such incredible success. → Never had we experienced such incredible success.

② 일반동사: do/does/did+주어+동사원형

Never he knows→ Never does he know

Never he knew→ Never did he know

3)So V+S(긍정), Neither V+S(부정)

① So V+S(긍정)

She is hungry.→ So am I.

Max can drive a car.→ So can I.

My sister has seen this movie.→ So have I.(have/has/had+p.p)

* 일반동사: do/does/did+주어

Max has a car.→ So do I./So does she.

② Neither V+S(부정)

Sharon is not hungry.→ Neither am I.

Gil can’t smoke.→ Neither can I.

My parents haven’t seen this movie.→ Neither have I.(have/has/had+p.p)

* 일반동사: do/does/did+주어

Gil doesn’t have a car.→ Neither do I.

Gil didn’t like her.→ Neither did I.

* 출제 포인트

S+V, 접+ so(긍정일 때)/neither(부정일 때)+V+S

4)[only+부사(구, 절)]가 문장 맨 앞으로 나오면 도치

① 부사구: Only lately/recently/then V+S

ex)Cynthia has only lately shown better work performance.

→ Only lately has Cynthia shown

② 부사절: Only when/after/before S+V, V+S

* 보너스!

① There is/was/remains/exists(단수 동사)+단수 주어

ex)There is/are a book on the table.

There are/were/remain/exist(복수 동사)+복수 주어

ex)There is/are books on the table.

② Enclosed(동봉된)/Attached(첨부된)/Included(포함된)+V+S

ex)(Attachment/Attached) is a brochure.

③ S+V, as V+S: ~와 마찬가지로(as의 ‘동의’의 의미)

Alice hopes to get her work done quickly as do most of her colleagues.

* as

① 시간

② 이유

③ ~하는 대로

ex)as (it was) mentioned/stated

④ 동의→ 도치

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【도치 관련 문제】

Rarely do customers _____ more than one minute to reach an agent thanks to the company’s upgrade of its call routing system.
(A) wait
(B) waited
(C) will wait
(D) waiting

[정답] (A) wait

[해석]
고객은 거의 기다리지 않는다 / 일분 이상 / 직원에게 연결하기 위해 / 회사 자동 전화분배기의 개선 덕분에

[어휘]
rarely 좀처럼 ~하지 않는다 / reach 도달하다 / agent 대리인 / route ~을 특정한 경로로 보내다

[해설]

1)부정부사(rarely)가 문두에 오면 ‘V+S’로 도치

2)일반동사의 도치: ~do/does/did) S R

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【어휘편- 유사의미 형용사/부사3】

1)primarily:firstly

① primarily: 주로, 근본적으로

The new laptop computers are primarily marketed to business users.

* 출제포인트

-근본적이고 주된 목적, 내용을 말할 때 사용

-chiefly, mainly와 의미가 같다.

② firstly: 우선, 첫째로

Firstly, the graphic artist will present a number of options for the new logo design.

* 출제포인트

-‘in the first place’와 의미가 같다.

-cf)lastly: 마지막으로

2)continually:lastingly

① continually: 계속해서

The new manager is continually giving others to the staff.

② lastingly: 지속적으로

Sarah was lastingly affected by the motivational speaker’s words.

* 출제포인트: 효과 등이 오랫동안 유지되는 것을 의미

ex)Lastingly affected by Gil.