22강- 관계절

【관계절의 자리와 쓰임】

1)관계절의 자리: 주어와 동사 사이나 문장의 끝

① 주어와 동사 사이

The students whom Ms. Henderson taught were from Japan.

② 문장의 맨 마지막

I didn’t get a copy of the report which was handed out yesterday.

2)관계절의 동사 자리에 준동사, 명사, 부사는 불가

The university will contact those who (passing, pass) the entrance exam.

3)주격 관계대명사의 수일치

[N who/which/that+동사]

ex)Anyone who is/Those who are

【관계대명사의 선택과 격】

1)관계대명사의 선택: 선행사가 사람이면 who(m), 사물이면 which

※ that은 콤마, 전치사 다음에는 사용 불가

2)관계대명사의 격

① 주격

I haven’t met the woman who is speaking at the podium.

The train which is at platform 9 is heading for Vienna.

② 목적격

The man whom/who/that I introduced to you is my boss.

Eva accepted the promotion which her supervisor offered.

③소유격(형용사 역할)

[N whose N+완벽한 문장]

I visited my friend, whose apartment is nearby.

-I have a car. Its color is red.→ I have a car whose color is red.

-I have a car. Everybody likes its color.→ I have a car whose color everybody likes.

-I have a car. Everybody likes its beautiful design.→ I have a car whose beautiful design everybody likes.

* 가장 많이 출제되었던 구조!: ‘N whose N be+pp’

Gil and Sharon, the writers whose books were selected for the Book of the Year, are now rich.

【전치사+관계대명사】

[I interviewed a woman.]+[I had previously met with her.]

→ I interviewed a woman whom/that I had previously met with.

→ I interviewed a woman with whom I had previously met.

* 전치사가 도치 되면 ‘whom, which’만 사용 가능

【수량 표현+관계대명사】

[The class has 20 students.]+[All of the students are boys.]

→ The class has 20 students, and all of them are boys.

→ The class has 20 students, all of whom are boys.

1)N(사람)all/some/most of _____동사: whom

There were 50 attendees, all of whom are male.

2)N(사물)all/some/most of _____동사: which

I bout the books, some of which are comics.

【관계대명사의 생략】

1)주격 관계대명사의 생략

① N(주격 관계대명사+be)과거분사

The location which was selected for the construction is~

→ The location selected for the construction is~

② N(주격 관계대명사+be)형용사

The person who is responsible for reservations~

→ The person responsible for reservations~

* 후치 수식해주는 형용사: available, possible, suitable, appropriate

ex)The candidates suitable for the job will~

③ N(주격 관계대명사+be)전치사구

The parking lot which is near our office is~

→ The parking lot near our office is~

Those who are on duty→ Those on duty~

Those who are in need→ Those in need~

2)목적격 관계대명사의 생략

N+who(m)/which/that+주어+동사 → N(목적격 관계대명사)S+V

ex)The car (that) I like/I am looking for/I am interested in

【관계부사】

1)관계부사의 종류

2)관계부사의 특징

① 접속사+부사의 역할

② 완벽한 문장이 온다.

Friday is the final day when discounts are offered.

The apartment where I live has a gym and swimming pool.

Olivia didn’t give me a reason why she changed the terms of the contact.

It is important to find out (the way/how) the equipment works before using it.

3)관계부사=전치사+관계사

The building where(=in which)the employees work is safe and secure.

The date when(=on which)I started this job was February 28.

4)관계부사 다음에는 완전한 절, 관계대명사 다음에는 불완전한 절

There was a time when this restaurant served hundreds of customers each day.

That is the woman who complained about her order.

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【관계절 관련 문제】

Some company executives are visiting the site on _____ the new headquarters are going to be built.
(A) which
(B) where
(C) when
(D) that

[정답] (A) which

[해석]
일부 회사 임원들은 현장을 방문하고 있다 / 새로운 본사가 건설될 예정인

[어휘]
executive 임원, 경영진 / visit 방문하다 / site 현장 / headquarter 본사 / build 건설하다

[해설]

1)관계부사=전치사+관계대명사(on which=where)

2)관계대명사 that: ①전치사 다음 × ②,(comma)다음 ×

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【어휘편- 유사의미동사2】

1)lend:loan:borrow:rent

① lend: 빌려주다, 대출하다

Shopright Program members should not lend the discount card to anyone.

* 출제포인트

-물건이나 돈을 빌려주다

-lend me some money→ lend some money to me

② loan: 대출하다, 빌려주다

The government will loan approximately $4 billion to struggling automakers.

* 출제포인트

-자금 등을 빌려주는 것을 의미

-loan them some money

③ borrow: 빌리다

The city council will borrow funds to pay for the redevelopment of the harbor area.

* 출제포인트

-돈, 물건 등을 빌려오는 것을 의미

-borrow money

④ rent: (요금을 내고)빌리다, (요금을 받고)빌려주다

The firm rented several apartments for the overseas representatives to use.

* 출제포인트

-차량이나 집 등을 정기적 요금을 내고 빌리거나 요금을 받고 빌려 주는 것을 의미한다.

-rent[명]: 임대료

2)note:notify:announce:reveal

① note: 유념하다, 주목하다, 유의하다, 언급하다

The clerk told the customers to note that the store would be closed for two days.

* 출제포인트

-mention(언급하다)

-write down(받아 적다)

-be reminded(유의하다)

② notify: ~에게 통지하다

Westerland Investments notified its shareholders of the proposed merger.

* 출제포인트

-notify/inform/apprise A of/about B⇒ 3형식

-notify/inform/apprise A that S+V⇒ 4형식

③ announce: 발표하다, 알리다

Ms. Wilkins announced to her team that the CEO had tendered his resignation.

* 출제포인트

announce (to 사람) that절: (~에게) -을 발표하다

④ reveal: 밝히다, 누설하다

The company representative revealed the release date of the new mobile device to members of the press.

* 출제포인트: ‘The survey reveals/indicates/shows/suggests that~’

3)expire:invalidate

① expire: (계약․유효기간이)만기가 되다

The motorist was issued a driver’s license that will expire in four years.

* 출제포인트

It will expire soon.=It will be no longer valid/effective.

② invalidate: (계약․법을) 무효화하다

The lease was invalidated as the landlord did not comply with the agreement terms.

* 출제포인트: expire(자동사) VS invalidate(타동사)