- 2008.07.28




1. 문제에서 명사에 밑줄이 그어져 있으면 그 명사가 가산명사인지 불가산명사인지 반드시 확인합니다.
=>불가산명사에 부정관사가 붙거나 복수형이 되어 있으면 그것이 답이다.
*가산(셀 수 있는)명사:보통명사,집합명사=>부정관사,복수형 가능
*불가산(센 수 없는)명사:고유명사,추상명사,물질명사
=>부정관사를 붙일 수 없고,복수형으로도 쓸 수 없음이 원칙.
2. 명사의 역할을 잘 이해합니다.
1)문장에서주어(타동사,전치사의)목적어(주격,목적격)보어,동격으로쓰임
=>따라서 이들 자리에는 명사나 명사 상당어구가 와야 함.
2)한정사(관사,소유격,형용사...)의 수식을 받으면 뒤에 명사가 와야함
3. 수표시어와 양표시어는 구별해서 사용합니다.
[용법]수표시어+가산명사 양표시어+불가산명사
*수표시어:few,a few,a large[great]number of
*양표시어:little,a little,a large amount of,a great deal of
주의) some,any,no,a lot of,lots of,plenty of는 양쪽 수식어로 쓰임
4. 집합적 물질명사는 출제빈도가 높으므로 주의합니다.
furniture(가구) baggage(수하물) clothing(의류) foliage(잎)
mail우편물) machinery(기계류) weaponry(무기류) poetry(시작품)
jewelry(보석류) scenery(풍경) stationery(문구류) merchandise(상품)
produce(농산물) rubbish(쓰레기) denim(데님:두꺼운 무명)
주의) 1)위의 명사는 부정관사를 붙일 수 없고 복수형으로 쓸수 없음
2)[수표시어](few,a few)로는 수식할 수 없으며 단수동사로 받음
5. 시험에 출제된 불가산명사는 모두 기억합니다.=>용법은 4와 동일
information정보 advice충고 equipment장비,비품 business장사,사업
behavior!행동 news보도 money돈,화폐 time시간
influenza유행성 감기 weather날씨 progress전진,진보 fun재미
6. 단수,복수가 뜻이 다른 분화분수는 출제빈도가 높습니다.
good(이익) part(부분) paper(종이) saving(절약) pain(고통)
goods(상품) parts(부품) papers(서류) savings(저축) pains(수고)
7. 명사+명사는 앞명사는 항상 단수로 쓰고 복수인 경우 뒷명사를 복수로 합니다.
shoe store[shop] answer sheet(답안지) color printing(원색인쇄)
shoe's shop(x)
cf.saving bank(저축은행) arms race(군비경쟁)
8. 시간,거리,가격,무게단위는 무생물에도 ApostropheS[']를 붙입니다.
a day's work(하루치의 일) a dollar's worth within a stone's throw
9. [관사,한정사]와[소유격]은 나란히 쓸 수 없고 이중소유격으로 써야 합니다.
a my friend(x) => a friend of mine(o)
a my father's friend(x)
10. kind of,sort of는 뒤에 단수가산명사가 올 경우에도 부정관사를 쓰지 않는 것이 원칙이며 시험영어에서는
단수 수식어+kind of단수명사,
복수 수식어+kinds of복수명사로 수를 일치시키는 것이 원칙입니다.
관사핵심정리
1. 관사는 명사와 직접적인 관계가 있으므로 명사가 나오면 명사의 종류와 관사의 유무를 따져 봅니다.
->명사에 관사가 붙지 않는 경우:불가산명사(물질,추상,고유명사)관사
생략의 경우 가산명사에는 관사,한정사가 붙거나 복수형이 되어야 함
2. 부정관사의 각각의 용법을 기억합니다.
1)per(~당,~마다)의뜻=>once a day,twice a minute,5 dollars a yard,etc
2)the same의뜻 3)a certain의뜻 4)a[an]+고유명사:[~라는사람]
5)대표단수:[a
[~라는것은]
6)a+명사and명사=1명=>단수동사 a+명사and a+명사=2명=>복수동사
3. 부정관사의 선택문제는 철자에 의한 구별이 아닌 발음에 의한 구별입니다.
*a(자음발음)-university,uniform;unique,European,hollow,etc
*an(모음발음)-honest,hour,heir;office;M.P.,18th century,etc
4. 명사의 종류에 관계없이 한정어구로 제한되어 특정한 것을 지칭하면 정관사 the가 붙습니다..
Ex.I haven't got the time to answer these letters.
the book(which)you lost(네가 잃어버린 책)
5. 정관사의 각각의 용법을 기억합니다.
1)서로 알고 있는 것:Turn the light off,please.
2)유일물에:the sun,the moon 3)악기명,발명품에:play the piano
4)계량의단위에:a dollar by the day(일당1달러)by the pound(파운드당)
5)형용사의 최상급,서수로 한정될 때:the only[same,last,very]+명사
6. 정관사의 특별용법은 중요하므로 꼭 안기합니다.
1)the+형용사[분사]=복수명사/단수명사/추상명사:the old=old people
2)신체의일부분표시=>소유격을 사용하지 말것:He caught me by the hand
3)비교급에 the가 붙은경우:가.the+비교급+of the two
나.the+비교급~,the+비교급...
다.the+비교급+for[because]~
7. 고유명사에는 관사가 붙지 않는 것이 원칙이지만 고유명사에 정관사가 붙는 경우가 있으므로 주의합니다.
1)반도,산맥,공공건물,관공서 공공건물이 지명을 딴경우는 무관사Seoul Station
2)복수형으로 국가명,강,바다,항만:the United States,the Hudson,the
Nile,etc
3)선박,기차,비행기,신문,잡지 주의)인명이 책명으로 된 경우는 무관사 Hamlet
8.관사가 생략되는 경우가 있으므로 주의합니다.
1)가족관계,호격어관계,관직이 보어로 쓰인경우
2)[명사+as+S+V]양보구문 주의)a kind of무관사+명사
3)교통,통신수단:by taxi[bus;ship];by letter;by telegram,etc
cf.in a bus
4)공공건물이 본래의 목적으로 쓰인경우:the church(교회)<->churcu
(예배)
9. 정관사의 위치에 주의합니다.
all[both,double,twice]+ +명사
10. [부정관사]의 위치는 중요하므로 반드시 암기합니다.
1)such[what,quite,rather,many]+a[an]+형용사+명사
2)so[as,too,how,howerver]+형용사+a(an)+명사
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