★시제 키워드 3가지!

1)시간 부사 “yesterday”

2)시간 전명구 “in 1998”

3)시간 부사절 “when I was your age”

→시간 수식어

▶시제를 한 눈에!- 단순, 진행, 완료

1)단순시제

Mr. Lee watches movies.

Mr. Lee watched a movie last month.

Mr. Lee will watch a movie next week.

2)진행시제: be+동사ing

She is reading a report.

She was reading a report.

She will be reading a report.

3)완료시제

(1)현재완료

We have lived here for three years.

(2)과거완료

We had lived here for three years.

(3)미래완료

We will have lived here for three years by next year.

1. 현재/과거/미래

1)현재

usually/often/every day/these days

I usually come home at 7 P.M.

2)과거

yesterday/ago/last+주, 달, 해/in+과거 연도

Interest rates rose last month.

3)미래

tomorrow/next+주, 달, 해/by, until+미래

We will have a new menu next week.

2. 현재진행/과거진행/미래진행

1)현재진행(am/is/are+ing)

now/right now/at the moment

The company is building an exhibition center now.

▶now

-현재진행: 지금!

I am studying now.

-미래: 자, 이제!

I played enough games. I will study now.

2)과거진행(was/were+ing)=과거

Zoe was revising the contract when he got a call.

3)미래진행(will be+ing)=미래

I will be teaching at the university next year.

3. 현재완료/과거완료/미래완료

1)현재완료(have/has+p.p.)

(1)과거에 발생한 일(단순 사건- 지금 내 상태)

I have eaten lunch.

(2)상태가 현재까지 계속되고 있는 것(역사- 지금껏 해온 일)

I have sold gum for 5 years.

▶현재완료의 근거

-since 과거시점

-over the last/past+기간

-for+기간

I have worked for this company since 2005.

Mr. Kim is not used to the electronic system at our firm because he has worked here for only 2 weeks.

2)과거완료(had+p.p.): 한 문장에 두 가지 사건이 있을 때, 먼저 일어난 일에 사용

I had played with fire, before my mom slapped my back.

3)미래완료(will have+p.p.)

By next year, I will have lived in Hong Kong for 3 years.

▶미래완료의 근거

-by next+시간

-by the end of+시간

-next+시간

Mr. Kim will have submitted the document by next week.